SQL Analysis · Federal Contracting · FY2022–2024

Who's Actually Investing
in Veteran Business?

A federal contract spending analysis measuring whether veteran-owned small businesses are winning their proportional share of government contract dollars — and which agencies are leading vs. lagging. Built from 15,000 USASpending.gov records totaling $96.54 billion.

Data SourceUSASpending.gov Award Search API
Study PeriodFY2022 – FY2024
Records Analyzed15,000 VOSB contract awards
StackPython · SQL · SQLite
AuthorPatrick Neil Bradley, U.S. Army Veteran
Total VOSB Contract Dollars
$96.5B
FY2022–FY2024 combined
Awards Analyzed
15,000
Veteran set-aside contracts
3-Year Growth
+11.5%
$30.3B (FY22) → $33.8B (FY24)
Top Agency Share
67.8%
Dept. of Veterans Affairs

The Business Question

The federal government is legally required to direct contracting opportunities to veteran-owned small businesses (VOSBs). Agencies have set-aside programs. The VA has a specific VOSB mandate. On paper, the infrastructure exists.

But does the money follow the mandate? And when it does flow, where does it go — which agencies are actually writing the checks, which states are capturing the dollars, and which veteran-owned firms are winning the largest awards?

"Veteran economic outcomes are not just a data problem — they are a policy accountability problem. The numbers should be visible."

This analysis pulls three fiscal years of VOSB contract award data from USASpending.gov and answers those questions with structured SQL against a local SQLite database built from a live government API.

Finding 01

VOSB Contracting Is Growing — Steadily

Veteran-owned firms captured more federal contract dollars every year from FY2022 to FY2024, with consistent year-over-year growth.

VOSB Contract Dollars by Fiscal Year (Top 5,000 Awards per Year)

Source: USASpending.gov Award Search API. Records sorted by award amount descending; 5,000 largest VOSB awards captured per fiscal year.

Across the three-year study period, veteran-owned small businesses secured $96.54 billion in federal contract awards. The trajectory is positive: $30.3B in FY2022, $32.5B in FY2023, and $33.8B in FY2024 — an 11.5% increase over the period.

The largest single-year jump came between FY2022 and FY2023 (+$2.17B, +7.2%), followed by continued but more modest growth into FY2024 (+$1.27B, +3.9%). This suggests the post-pandemic federal contracting environment has been favorable for veteran-owned firms, though the pace of growth is moderating.

◆ Analyst Note

These figures represent the top 5,000 VOSB awards by dollar value per fiscal year — a sample of the largest contracts, not the complete universe. Total VOSB contracting across all agencies is considerably higher. The trend direction and agency/state concentration findings remain valid within this sample.

Finding 02

One Agency Dominates: The VA at $65.5 Billion

The Department of Veterans Affairs accounts for nearly 68 cents of every VOSB contract dollar in this dataset — reflecting both its legal mandate and its unique mission alignment with veteran-owned firms.

◆ Department of Veterans Affairs
$65.5B
11,272 awards — 67.8% of all VOSB dollars
Department of Defense
$18.8B
1,926 awards — 19.5% of all VOSB dollars
Department of Homeland Security
$2.9B
485 awards
Dept. of Health & Human Services
$1.8B
174 awards
Department of Agriculture
$1.1B
169 awards
NASA
$780M
25 awards

The VA's dominance is not surprising — its Veterans First Contracting Program gives VOSB and SDVOSB firms priority in the procurement process before any other small business programs. But the concentration is striking: the VA and DoD together account for 87.3% of all VOSB contract dollars in this dataset.

This means the remaining 13 agencies in the dataset share just $12.3B. For veteran-owned firms looking to diversify beyond the VA and DoD, Homeland Security ($2.9B) and Health & Human Services ($1.8B) represent the next largest opportunities.

◆ SQL Technique Used

Agency rankings were produced using a two-step CTE pipeline: the first CTE aggregated total and VOSB dollars per agency, the second applied RANK() OVER (ORDER BY vosb_dollars DESC) and PERCENT_RANK() window functions to score each agency's relative position.

Finding 03

Virginia Leads All States at $20.7 Billion

VOSB contract dollars are heavily concentrated in states with large federal footprints. The top 5 states account for nearly half of all VOSB contract activity.

Rank State VOSB Contract Dollars Awards Relative Share
1 Virginia (VA) $20.7B 1,817
21.4%
2 Washington D.C. $7.5B 1,082
7.8%
3 California (CA) $6.1B 1,079
6.3%
4 Maryland (MD) $6.0B 639
6.2%
5 Texas (TX) $5.2B 1,065
5.3%
6 Florida (FL) $4.5B 863
4.7%
7 Colorado (CO) $4.2B 328
4.4%
8 Alabama (AL) $3.2B 231
3.3%
9 North Carolina (NC) $2.6B 406
2.7%
10 New York (NY) $2.5B 580
2.6%

Virginia's dominance reflects its geography — the Pentagon, multiple major VA medical centers, and the highest concentration of defense contractors in the country are all located within the state. The Northern Virginia / D.C. / Maryland corridor alone (VA + DC + MD) accounts for 35.4% of all VOSB contract dollars.

Texas and Florida, despite large military bases and significant veteran populations, rank 5th and 6th respectively — suggesting that proximity to federal procurement headquarters may matter as much as veteran population size.

◆ SQL Technique Used

The state distribution query used SUM(award_amount) OVER (ORDER BY award_amount DESC) to calculate cumulative running totals and NTILE(4) to bucket states into concentration quartiles — identifying which states are in the top quartile for VOSB contract density.

Finding 04

Ten Firms Captured $17.5 Billion

A small number of large veteran-owned firms dominate the top of the VOSB contracting landscape, primarily in IT services and professional services for federal agencies.

1
Four Points Technology, L.L.C.
295 awards — IT services, VA & DoD
$3.5B
2
V3Gate, LLC
124 awards — technology services
$3.0B
3
Minburn Technology Group, LLC
154 awards — federal IT
$2.0B
4
Colossal Contracting LLC
35 awards — construction & facilities
$1.6B
5
Science Applications International Corp. (SAIC)
20 awards — defense & technology
$1.3B
6
GovCIO, LLC
18 awards — government IT modernization
$1.2B
7
Richard Group LLC
76 awards
$1.2B
8
Thundercat Technology, LLC
215 awards — IT hardware & services
$1.1B
9
TISTA Science and Technology Corp.
27 awards — health IT
$1.0B
10
Booz Allen Hamilton Inc.
9 awards — management consulting
$991M

The top 10 firms are overwhelmingly concentrated in information technology and professional services — the sectors where federal agencies spend the most and where VOSB set-aside programs are most actively applied. The presence of large firms like SAIC and Booz Allen Hamilton in the VOSB list reflects their veteran-owned subsidiary or qualifying status under the set-aside certification rules.

◆ Key Observation

The gap between the largest firms ($3.5B for Four Points Technology) and smaller VOSB awardees is significant. A relatively small number of established firms are capturing a disproportionate share of the largest contracts, which is common in federal contracting but worth noting for policy discussions about VOSB program reach.

Methodology

How This Was Built

The analysis uses a reproducible Python + SQL pipeline. All code is public on GitHub.

Step 1 — Data Acquisition
USASpending.gov API
A Python script (load_data.py) queries the USASpending Award Search API v2, filtering to VOSB and SDVOSB set-aside contract codes across FY2022–2024. The script paginates through results (100 records/page) with polite rate-limiting and loads all records into a local SQLite database.
Step 2 — Database Design
SQLite + Schema
A three-table schema (awards, agencies, naics_sectors) is defined in schema.sql with indexes on fiscal year, agency, state, and veteran flags for query performance. The NAICS sector reference table enables 6-digit to 2-digit sector rollups in the industry analysis queries.
Step 3 — Analysis
Five SQL Queries
Five structured queries answer the five business questions: annual baseline (CASE aggregation), agency rankings (CTEs + RANK/PERCENT_RANK window functions), state distribution (SUM OVER running totals + NTILE), industry gap (JOIN + multi-level aggregation), and YoY trend (LAG window function + chained CTEs).
◆ Data Limitations

This analysis captures VOSB set-aside contracts only — awards where veteran-owned status was the basis for the contract vehicle. It does not capture open-competition contracts won by veteran-owned firms. NAICS industry codes are sparsely populated for large IDIQ umbrella contracts in the USASpending API. The 5,000-record-per-year cap means total dollar figures represent the largest contracts, not the complete universe of VOSB activity.

All Code Is Public

The Python data loader, SQLite schema, and all five annotated SQL queries are available on GitHub. Clone the repo, run python load_data.py, and reproduce every finding in this analysis.

View on GitHub →